“存在现象学”课程论的哲学基础及其对创新性思维培养的启示

Philosophical Foundation of Phenomenological Curriculum Theory and Its Inspiration for the Cultivation of Innovative Thinking

"存在现象学"课程论的哲学基础体现在三方面,即现象学理论、存在主义和弗洛伊德主义。这些哲学流派对知识形成的条件及思维运作的过程以及人的本能需要进行了解读。在对创新性思维进行全方位的剖析后发现:现象学理论对于本质直观的能力即想象力的强调和创新性思维的关键要件即想象力是一致的;存在主义强调过程性和选择的自由性,与创新性思维注重探究的过程和学习者积极主动地求索相一致;弗洛伊德主义强调人的本能需要在意识领域的升华是人类精神创造的源泉。这些为教师正确引导学生处理好本能需要和高阶需求即创新性思维提供理论指导。

The philosophical basis of phenomenological curriculum theory is embodied in three aspects,namely,phenomenological theory,existentialism and Freud doctrine.The above philosophical schools give their respective interpretationof the conditions of knowledge formation,the process of thinking operation and human instinct.After a multi-faceted analysis of innovative thinking,it is found that the phenomenological theory about the essential intuition ability,the emphasis on imagination,is consistent with the key element,the imagination of creative thinking.Existentialism emphasizes the freedom of process and choice,which is consistent with the process of inquiry in innovative thinking and the learners*active pursuit.Freudism emphasizes that the sublimation of human instinctive needs in the field of consciousness is the source of human spiritual creation.All this provides a theoretical guidance for teachers to correctly guide students to deal with their instinctive needs and high-level needs about innovative thinking.