轨道车辆动态限界测试系统设计

Design of dynamic clearance test system in rolling stock

针对传统轨道车辆限界测试不能实时、连续、快速获得车辆限界的不足,提出一种车辆限界自动化测试系统。该系统根据车辆限界标准及测试要求,结合车辆结构和车辆相对于轨道位置变化的特点,通过在车体及转向架上布置测量传感器,测量车辆相对于轨道的位移和偏转角度,然后提出一种算法对传感器输出数据进行处理,完成轨道车辆的动态轮廓线的实时计算,并在车辆行驶过程中叠加生成车辆最大动态轮廓边界。同时测试过程中通过车辆的动态轮廓与标准限界的实时比较,实现对车辆限界的监测与校核。实车对比试验表明,传统方法测试的车辆轮廓与该测试系统测试结果误差范围在1%以内,该测试系统能够准确测量车辆轮廓线,并在车辆运行过程中实现车辆限界的在线、实时、连续测试。

To overcome the insufficiency of traditional vehicle boundaries test that can’t obtain vehicle boundaries in real time,continuously and quickly,an automatic vehicle boundaries test system is proposed.According to the vehicle boundaries standards and test requirements,combined with the characteristics of vehicle structure and the vehicle position change relative to track,the proposed system measures the displacement and deflection angle of vehicle relative to track by laying sensors on the car body and bogie.Then a calculation method is proposed to process the output data of sensor and then calculate the dynamic outline of the rail vehicle in real time,and finally the maximum dynamic vehicle outline is generated by superimposing the dynamic outline during the vehicle running.At the same time,the real-time comparison between the dynamic outline of the vehicle and the standard clearance is carried out to monitor and verify the vehicle boundaries.The real vehicle comparative test shows that the error range between the vehicle profile measured by traditional method and the test result of this test system is less than 1%.The test system can accurately measure the vehicle profile and realize on-line,real-time and continuous test of vehicle boundary in the process of vehicle operation.