提高奶山羊瘤胃发酵特性的技术研究进展

Advances in improving rumen fermentation characteristics of dairy goats

近年来,系统生物学新技术的发展已被用于改善和控制瘤胃微生物生态系统,并对其生理和微生物相互作用有了更深入的了解。这为瘤胃微生物群与宿主动物之间的关系和相互作用提供了更深入的认识和理解。新的高通量技术显示,变形杆菌在新生儿肠道中的优势可能来源于母体胎盘,胎儿在子宫内吞入羊水,随出年龄的增加,羊水在网胃、瓣胃、皱胃内逐渐减少。多种“组学”技术还利用日粮干预手段,通过了解营养、代谢和瘤胃微生物群之间的联系及其对环境的影响,提高了奶山羊的瘤胃发酵和生产效率。本文探讨了营养策略、瘤胃微生物和宿主动物代谢之间的相互联系,旨在为反刍动物营养的研究提供理论基础。

In recent years,the development of new systems biology technologies has been used to improve and control the rumen microbial ecosystem and to gain a deeper understanding of its physiological and microbial interactions.This provides a deeper understanding of the relationship and interaction between the rumen microbiome and the host animal.The new high-throughput technique suggests that the predominance of proteus in the neonatal intestine may be due to the maternal placenta,which the fetus swallows into the amniotic fluid in the uterus.With the increase of postnatal age,the amniotic fluid gradually decreases in the reticulum stomach,flap stomach and rumella stomach.Various“omics”techniques also use dietary interventions to improve rumen fermentation and production efficiency by understanding the links between nutrition,metabolism and rumen microbiota and their impact on the environment.In order to provide a theoretical basis for the study of ruminant nutrition,this paper discusses the interrelationship between nutritional strategies,rumen microbe and host animal metabolism.