农业贸易和畜牧业生产对全球磷循环的影响

Effects of agricultural trade and livestock production on the global phosphorus cycle

农业贸易增加、畜牧生产系统更加集中及人类对畜牧产品消费增加的趋势影响着全球范围内营养物质的分布,其中磷是一项独特的管理挑战,因为我们正在迅速消耗这种基本和不可再生资源的可采储量。同时,过度使用也会造成水生生态系统的污染。本文综述了近年来部分国家的粮食作物、饲料作物和畜牧产品贸易对农业土壤磷流量的相对贡献。此外,区域专业化和生产系统集约化的格局减少了循环利用磷资源的潜力,对畜牧业生产的影响大于对农作物生产的影响。在全球化的世界中,将自然资源的生物物理限制和农业系统的环境影响纳入贸易政策和协定并发展,对管理磷等不可再生资源的机制日益重要。

Increased agricultural trade,more concentrated livestock production systems,and increasing human consumption of livestock products affect the global distribution of nutrients,of which phosphorus is a unique management challenge because we are rapidly depleting recoverable reserves of this basic and non-renewable resource.At the same time,overuse can also lead to pollution of aquatic ecosystems.In this paper,the relative contribution of trade in food crops,forage crops and livestock products to agricultural soil phosphorus flow in some countries in recent years is reviewed.In addition,the pattern of regional specialization and intensification of production systems has also reduced the potential for recycling phosphorus resources,affecting livestock production more than crop production.In a globalized world,incorporating the biophysical constraints of our natural resources and the environmental impacts of our agricultural systems into trade policies and agreements and development is increasingly important for mechanisms for managing non-renewable resources such as phosphorus.