高性能精密工业铝型材有效摩擦挤压成形关键技术研究与应用

Research and application of key technologies for effective friction extrusion of high performance precision industrial aluminium profile

介绍了对航空航天用高性能精密工业铝型材的要求,提出了减少高性能精密工业铝型材挤压过程产生粗晶环的有效办法。采用理论分析和有限元模拟相结合的研究方法分析了有效摩擦挤压方法的特点,得到了3种不同挤压过程挤压力和挤压筒受力与挤压行程的曲线对比关系;推导出了有效摩擦挤压力的计算公式;建立了挤压筒主动运动和挤压杆同向主动运动的有效摩擦挤压方法,通过实验研究表明有效摩擦挤压方法提高了工业铝型材沿长度方向性能的均匀性,减少甚至消除了工业铝型材表面的粗晶环。以上技术应用在125 MN和60 MN等双动铝挤压生产线上,生产出高性能精密工业铝型材,可应用于航空航天和汽车等行业。

The requirements of high performance precision industrial aluminium profile for aerospace were introduced. An effective method to reduce the generation of coarse grain ring during extrusion of high performance precision industrial aluminum profiles was proposed.The characteristics of effective friction extrusion method were analyzed by combining theoretical analysis and finite element simulation,and the contrastive relationships between extrusion force,extruding cylinder force and extrusion stroke in three different extrusion processes were obtained. The formula of effective friction extrusion pressure was deduced. An effective friction extrusion method was established for the active motion of extruding cylinder and codirectional active extruding stem. The experiment results show that the effective friction extrusion method can improve the uniformity of performance along the length direction of the industrial aluminum profile and reduce or even eliminate the coarse grain ring on the surface of the industrial aluminum profile. The above technologies were applied in 125 MN and 60 MN and other double-action aluminium extrusion production lines and high performance precision industrial aluminum profiles which can be applied in aerospace and automotive industries were producted.