新型冠状病毒肺炎相关知识、行为和心理应对:基于网络的横断面调查

Novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic-related knowledge, behaviors and psychology status among college students and their family members and friends: an internet-based cross-sectional survey

目的了解社区人群对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情相关认知、行为应对和心理反应,为疫情防控提供信息依据。方法 2020年1月31日通过网络开展问卷调查,采用方便抽样,在广东省4所高校进行重点发放,并邀请接受调查的学生发送给他们的家人、朋友进行填写。结果截至2020年2月4日,共收到有效问卷22 302份,有效率96.5%(22 302/23 100);调查对象中男性占33.2%,84.0%为学生。有80.7%~98.3%调查对象对新型冠状病毒的各类传播途径知晓,1.7%~30.9%的人相信网络流传的不实信息,98.6%~99.2%调查对象认为减少聚会、避免去人多的地方对控制疫情重要。调查前一周,57.7%的学生和63.4%的非学生在聚会时每次都戴口罩,戴口罩的人中24.2%有重复使用口罩行为。过去两周,22.9%的调查对象有轻度抑郁倾向,达到中度、重度和极重度抑郁的占9.5%,其中学生与非学生分别为9.6%和8.1%。2.2%接触过湖北的亲戚朋友。结论现有宣传力度大,调查对象对基本知识知晓率较高,应进一步加强信息实时公开,准确分析解读,引导正确舆论;绝大部分调查对象能够采取保护行为,但细节需要加强,预防亲友聚集性病例,重复使用口罩等需更多正确指引。此外,应开展对社区居民的认知、行为和心理的动态持续监测,指引防控和宣传策略制定。

Objective To examine novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) pneumonia(NCP) epidemic-related knowledge,coping behavior and psychological status among college students and their family members and friends for providing evidences to prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods Using convenient sampling, we carried out an online survey among 23 100 students in 4 colleges/universities in 4 cities across Guangdong province and the students′ friends and family members with self-designed questionnaires during outbreak period of NCP epidemic(January 31 to February 4, 2020).Results Valid information were collected from 96.5%(22 302) of the participants. For all the eligible respondents, 66.8%were females;18 741(84.0%) and 3 561(16.0%) were students aged 20.1 ± 2.0 years and the students′ family member and friends(non-students) aged 34.7 ± 12.3 years. Of the student and non-student respondents, 80.7% and 98.3% reported being aware of main transmission routes of the novel coronavirus;1.7% and 30.9% reported believing in some unverified NCP epidemic related information from internet media;98.6 and 99.2% considered reducing gatherings and avoiding crowded places as an important way to control the epidemic;57.7% and 63.4% reported wearing a mask in public places all the time during previous one week. Of the respondents with mask wearing behaviors, 24.2% reported using a disposable mask repeatedly. For all the respondents, 22.9% were assessed as with mild depressive symptoms and 9.5%(9.6% for the students and 8.1% for the non-students) with moderate and severe depressive symptoms during past two weeks. History of contact with someone from Hubei province(the region with serious NCP epidemic) was reported by 2.2% of the respondents.Conclusion The majority of the college students in Guangdong province and their family members and friends are aware of basic NCP epidemic-related knowledge and have adopted preventive practices but related health education and surveillance still need to be promoted among the populations.