金塔县不同固沙模式的防风效益观测研究

Protection Benefits of Different Sand-fixing Measures in Jinta County

采用DES梯度风观测系统对金塔县滴灌生物固沙林、砾石沙障、仿真植物沙障和PLA沙障4种固沙模式的风速进行野外观测,分析不同固沙模式的防风效益。结果表明:1)设置沙障可以明显降低风速,风速降低幅度:PLA沙障>仿真植物沙障>滴灌生物固沙林>砾石沙障。2)滴灌生物固沙林下风向林带边缘和中间林带内10~30 cm高度,风速减弱明显;砾石沙障布设在沙丘顶部对风速减弱较在平整地块强。3)地表粗糙度:PLA沙障>滴灌生物固沙林>仿真植物沙障>砾石沙障。本研究为当地生态环境治理和防沙治沙工程提供一定的理论依据和参考价值。

In order to evaluate the windbreak effect of four sand fixation measures,including drip irrigated biological sand fixation forest,gravel sand-barrier,simulated plant sand-barrier,and polylactic acid(PLA)fiber sand-barrier,DES gradient wind observing system was adopted to measure the wind speed in the field of Jinta county,Gansu Province.The results showed that:1)setting sand barrier could significantly reduce the wind speed,the amplitude of wind reduction of four barriers was in the order of PLA sand barrier>simulated plant sand-barrier>drip irrigated biological sand fixation forest>gravel sand-barrier.2)For the drip irrigated biological sand fixation forest,the wind speed decreased significantly in the height of 10~30 cm above ground;gravel sand-barrier set on the top of the sand dune reduced the wind speed more significantly than that on the flat ground.3)The order of ground roughness was PLA sand barrier>drip irrigated biological sand fixation forest>simulated plant sand-barrier>gravel sand-barrier.The results of this study would provide the theoretical basis for the restoration of local ecological environment and sand control project.