基于植被覆盖率的城市开放空间格局分异特征研究——以大连市核心城区为例

Spatial Differentiation Pattern of Urban Open Space Vegetation Coverage——A Case Study of Dalian Core Urban Area

以大连市核心城区为研究对象,借助eCogntion9.0和ArcGIS等分析工具,应用核密度和空间自相关理论定量探讨了城市开放空间及其植被覆盖率的空间格局与分布特征。结果表明,大连核心城区开放空间平均植被覆盖率为71.83%,整体空间分布构成差异明显;开放空间及其植被覆盖率呈现出明显的聚集特征,奥林匹克广场、人民广场区域成为开放空间绝对聚集核心;开放空间植被覆盖率及各类型分布呈现出显著的空间正相关性(P<0.01),4类开放空间中只有公园呈现冷、热点聚集,其他均呈现热点聚集特征。经过分析,城市空间结构、空间类型与属性、地形地貌是影响城市开放空间分布格局重要因素,建议通过优化空间布局、差异化发展与多功能协同等手段进一步完善格局,提升功能。

Taking the core urban area of Dalian as the research object,the spatial pattern and distribution characteristics of urban open space and its vegetation coverage were discussed by using the methods of eCognation 9.0 and ArcGIS,the theory of kernel density and spatial autocorrelation.The results showed that the average vegetation coverage rate of the open space in the core urban area was 71.83%,and the overall spatial distribution was not balanced.The open space and its vegetation coverage showed obvious aggregation characteristics.Olympic Square and People s Square area had become the absolute gathering core of open space.The vegetation coverage of open space in Dalian s core urban area and the distribution of each type showed significant positive spatial correlation(P<0.01).Only parks showed cold and hot spot features,others showed hot spot features.Based on the analysis above,urban spatial structure,spatial types and attributes,topography features were important factors affecting open space distribution pattern.Suggestions were put forward from the aspects of spatial distribution optimization,differential development and multi-functional coordination to further improve the pattern distribution and function.