燃气爆炸波在典型住宅内的传播与防爆厨房设计

Propagation of gas explosion wave in typical residential building and design of explosion-proof kitchen

基于数值分析方法,利用LS-DYNA软件建立了典型住宅的有限元模型。研究不同体积比θ的燃气爆炸波在住宅空间内的传播规律与超压荷载,分析砌体结构与钢筋混凝土结构厨房在燃气爆炸荷载下的动力响应与破坏形态,提出考虑防爆要求的防爆厨房并验证其防爆效果。结果表明:燃气爆炸波由厨房传播至客厅时超压峰值并未有明显减小。由于两侧墙体的反射作用,爆炸波传播至走道尽端时超压峰值会明显增加。钢筋混凝土结构厨房的防爆效果明显优于砌体结构,对有抗爆要求的厨房应优先采用钢筋混凝土结构形式。在钢筋混凝土结构厨房基础上设计出的防爆厨房可降低燃气爆炸波对厨房结构构件的破坏,阻止爆炸波进入住宅内部空间。

Based on the numerical analysis method, the finite element model of typical residential building was established by LSDYNA software. The propagation law and overpressure load of gas explosion wave with different volume ratio θ in residential space were studied. The dynamic response and failure mode of masonry structure and reinforced concrete structure kitchen under gas explosion load were analyzed. The explosion-proof kitchen considering explosion-proof requirements was put forward and its explosionproof effect was verified. The results showed that the peak overpressure does not decrease significantly when gas explosion wave propagates from kitchen to living room. Due to the reflection of the walls on both sides, the peak overpressure will increase significantly when the explosion wave propagates to the end of the corridor.The explosion-proof effect of reinforced concrete structure kitchen is obviously better than that of masonry structure. For kitchen with explosion-proof requirements, reinforced concrete structure should be preferred. The explosion-proof kitchen designed on the basis of reinforced concrete structure kitchen can reduce the damage of gas explosion wave to kitchen structural components and prevent the explosion wave from entering the interior space of the house.