北宋定州军事地位探析

An Analysis of the Military Position of Dingzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty

北宋一朝,定州军事地位的起伏升降与国家政策和民族关系的变化紧密相关。宋辽对峙时期,定州是辽进攻北宋的门户,地理位置和军事地位极其重要。为抵抗辽朝进攻,北宋政府对定州地区进行积极的军事部署。在宋辽之间多次军事冲突中,定州有效抵御了辽朝入侵,充分发挥了第二道军事防线的功能。澶渊之盟后,北宋政府在河北重镇采取消极的防御政策,定州军备匮乏,最终在第二次金军入侵时陷落。定州失陷对北宋政局产生了重要影响。

In the Northern Song Dynasty,the military position of Dingzhou is closely related to the national policy and the ethnic relations.In the period of Song-Liao confrontation,Dingzhou occupies an extremely important position geographically and militarily.The Northern Song government deploys forces in Dingzhou to resist the attack from the Liao.Dingzhou has effectively resisted the invasion of the Liao in a couple of military conflicts and functioned as the second line of defense.After the Alliance of Chanyuan,the Northern Song government adopts a passive defense policy in the important towns in Hebei Province,which leads to the shortage of arms in Dingzhou.Eventually,Dingzhou falls into the enemy’s hands in the second invasion of the Jin troops,which has an important impact on the political situation of the Northern Song Dynasty.