中国蚕桑规模化集约化发展现状及展望

Status Quo and Prospect of the Large-scale and Intensive Development of Silkworm and Mulberry in China

中国蚕桑生产规模居世界首位,但生产方式仍以传统的一家一户分散种养为主,这种方式存在生产效率低下、抗风险能力偏弱、质量难以把控等问题,不利于产业持续发展,发展蚕桑规模化集约化生产变得十分必要。2018年起,商务部开展规模化集约化蚕桑示范基地建设,各地企业积极响应,经营主体踊跃参与,规模化集约化蚕桑生产带来的经济、生态、社会效益正逐步释放。同时,规模化集约化稳步推进过程中也存在生产技术人员短缺、生产要素成本攀升等制约因素。展望后期,蚕桑规模化集约化发展模式的创新、复制、推广以及统筹产业整体布局、提升信息和技术水平、发挥企业主体作用等将成为未来发展的方向。

The scale of China's silkworm and mulberry production ranks the first in the world,but the production mode is still dominated by the traditional scattered planting and breeding of one household.This mode has problems such as low production efficiency,weak risk resistance ability and difficult quality control,which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the industry.Therefore,it is very necessary to develop sericulture large-scale intensive production.Since 2018,Ministry of Commerce has carried out the construction of large-scale and intensive demonstration bases of silkworm and mulberry.Enterprises all over the country have responded positively with active participation of business subjects.The economic,ecological and social benefits brought by large-scale and intensive production are gradually releasing.At the same time,there are also constraints such as a shortage of production technicians and the rising cost of production factors during the steady progress of scale intensification.Looking forward to the future,the innovation,replication and promotion of large-scale and intensive development mode,as well as the overall layout of the industry,the improvement of information and technology level,and giving full play to the role of enterprises will become the direction of future development.