甘蔗赤腐病菌变异及甘蔗抗病性研究进展

Research Progress on Mutation of Colletotrichum falcatum Went and Sugarcane Disease Resistance

由镰孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum falcatum Went)引起的甘蔗赤腐病是导致甘蔗严重损失的重要真菌病害之一,通常被称为甘蔗的"癌症",造成云南临沧、孟连、石屏多片蔗区甘蔗成片死亡,已由次要病害上升为主要病害。由于该病原菌频繁变异导致防控困难,目前对该病害药剂防控效果不理想,仍无有效、彻底的根治措施,甘蔗赤腐病菌变异研究及甘蔗抗病研究是实现病害持久可持续控制的必由之路,本文结合国内外最新研究,重点从甘蔗赤腐病菌形态变异、致病性变异、分子变异分析了甘蔗赤腐病菌遗传变异,论述了甘蔗赤腐病快速分子检测技术及甘蔗品种抗病性、诱导抗病性等分子研究进展;并就深入开展甘蔗赤腐病防控、群体遗传结构和抗性基因挖掘研究进行展望,以期为我国甘蔗赤腐病的研究和防控提供理论依据。

Sugarcane red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went is one of the important fungal diseases causing significant losses to sugarcane production, commonly known as "cancer" of sugarcane. It has risen from a minor disease to a major disease, resulting in the death of sugarcane in Lincang, Menglian and Shiping sugarcane areas in Yunnan province. It is difficult to control due to a frequent mutation of this pathogen, it is not ideal at present by pesticide control, and there is still no effective and radical cure measures, so the research on the mutation of C. falcatum and sugarcane disease resistance is the only way to achieve the sustainable control of sugarcane disease. This paper mainly reviewed the genetic variation on the morphological, pathogenic and molecular level of C. falcatum, and rapid molecular detection methods, and sugarcane disease resistance research in combination with the latest research home and abroad. The research on prevention and control of sugarcane red rot, population genetic structure and resistance gene mining were prospected in order to provide theoretical basis for the research and control of sugarcane red rot in China.