基于塔式起重机虚拟样机的起升工况动态分析

Dynamic analysis on lifting conditions based on virtual prototype of tower crane

塔式起重机机构的频繁启、制动产生的惯性力引起结构振动和货物摆动,是引起塔式起重机疲劳破坏的主要因素,为研究结构振动和货物摆动的影响规律,基于ADAMS软件建立刚柔耦合的塔式起重机虚拟样机,对起升运动进行仿真,得到了结构振动和货物摆动曲线,并与试验数据对比。研究结果表明:在起升运动中,随着起升速度的增加,起升过程产生的动载系数随之增加,结构振动幅值增大,货物最大提升力和摆动幅度增大,达到平稳状态需要的时间也更长。

Structural vibration and cargo swing caused by inertial force caused by frequent starting and braking of tower crane are the main factors causing fatigue damage of tower cranes.In order to study the influence law of structural vibration and cargo swing,this paper establishes a virtual prototype of rigid-flexible coupling tower crane based on ADAMS software,simulates lifting motion,obtains structural vibration as well as cargo swing curves and compares them with test data.According to research results,the following conclusions can be drawn:during the lifting movement,the dynamic load coefficient generated during the lifting process will increase with the increase of the lifting speed and so do the structural vibration amplitude,the maximum lifting force of goods and the swing amplitude,and it will take longer to reach a stable state.