《汉语大词典》“籀”释义辨证

Revision of the Interpretation of zhou(籀)in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Chinese(《汉语大词典》)

《汉语大词典》“籀”字前两个义项释义不明或不确,需进一步辨析修订。义项一为“读书”,该“读”并非“阅读、诵读”义,而是段玉裁《说文解字注》所言之“抽绎其义蕴至于无穷”,相应“籀”的本义乃是“抽绎得其恉”。“读书”古今义别,易致误解,不宜径采。义项二“通‘抽’,抽取;引出”,释语用“通”,解为通假关系,不当。段注已明“籀”字“从竹声,此形声包会意”,其与“(抽)”有义源关联,故在“抽取”义上相通,二字当为同源字。此外,义项二“引出”义对应的“内籀”“外籀”书证,“籀”的用法特殊,宜单立为一个义项。

The fi rst two interpretations of zhou(籀)in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Chinese(《汉语大词典》)are ambiguous and need further revision,The fi rst item is interpreted as dushu(读书).However,du(读)actually means to deduce its meaning as infi nite just as Duan Yucai’s annotation proposed,but not to read or to recite.Correspondingly,the original meaning of zhou(籀)is to deduce its essence.As dushu(读书)has diff erent meanings from its origin to the present,it is not appropriate to take the ancient meaning directly.The second item says tong chou(通抽),which means extract,draw off,the term tong(通)makes zhou seem to be a phonetic loaned character,which is improper.As Duan Yucai has said,zhou is an ideographic-phonetic compound with chou(?)as its phonetic which is also semantic.Since chou(?)is a variant form of chou(抽),zhou(籀)and chou(抽)are of obvious semantic relevance,meaning that they are cognates.Besides,in the second item,the corresponding documentary evidence of the meaning draw off in words neizhou(内籀)and waizhou(外籀),zhou(籀)is special as a morpheme,and it’s necessary to add an item for it.