《孟子·万章上》“攸然而逝”解

Interpretations of Youran Ershi(攸然而逝)in Wanzhangshang,Mencius(《孟子·万章上》)

《孟子·万章上》“攸然而逝”的“攸然”历来有两种训释:①赵岐等训“迅疾”;②朱熹等认为是“自得”。两义差异很大,孰是孰非,尚需考校。今有学者认为赵注是望文生训。本文研究后认为“攸”是反义共词,有相反相成两面训释,既训“疾”也训“长”,由“长”引申有“自得貌”义。根据语境,“攸然”宜训“迅疾”,义为急速、快速。赵岐注不误。

There are traditionally two interpretations of youran(攸然)in the sentence youran ershi(攸然而逝)in Wanzhangshang,Mencius(《孟子·万章上》),one is interpreted as rapidly by Zhao Qi et al.and the other is annotated as leisurely by Zhu Xi et al.These two meanings are widely diff erent,which one is correct still need textual collation.A contemporary scholar argues that the interpretation of Zhao Qi is too literal.Based on textual research,this paper argues that you(攸)is an antonym coword,which has two interpretations,both opposite and complementary,i.e.,rapid and long,and the meaning leisurely was extended from the meaning long.According to the context,youran(攸然)should be interpreted as rapidly,meaning fast or quick.Hence the annotation of Zhao Qi is correct.