中小学生书面表达词汇丰富性发展研究

On the Vocabulary Development of Chinese Children’s Written Expressions

本研究从频率入手,考察文本中常用词和非常用词在不同年级学生作文中的分布,寻找符合汉语特点的书面表达词汇发展的新测量参数。分析结果表明小学四到五年级可能是叙述性书面表达词汇发展的分水岭,小学六年级到初中则是议论文词汇发展的关键期。随着年级提高,学生书面表达的词汇丰富性逐渐提高。研究表明,指标a、b、R2、R3、m点等计量语言学中的参数,其计算不受文本长度影响,能准确、客观地测量汉语书面表达的词汇发展。

This paper examines the frequency distribution of common words and uncommon words in the writing of mandarin-speaking children of different grades.Considering the characteristics of Chinese,we are looking for new parameters for the measurement of vocabulary development of Chinese children’s writing. It is found that the fourth to fifth grades of primary school may be the watershed of vocabulary development for the narratives. For the argumentative writings,the sixth grade of primary school to the first year of junior high school is the key period of vocabulary development. The vocabulary of students’ written expressions is gradually enriched as the grades grow. The calculation of indicators a、b、R2、R3、m-point,etc. are not affected by the length of the text and can measure the development of vocabulary in Chinese writing accurately and objectively.