新中国初期西南边疆地区的民主建政——以广西和云南的民族区域自治为中心

Democratic Construction in the Southwest Frontier Region in the Early Period of the PRC:The Case of Regional Ethnic Autonomy in Guangxi and Yunnan

1949年中华人民共和国成立后,民主建政作为中央人民政府的一个中心任务,迅速在全国范围内展开,及至1954年《中华人民共和国宪法》颁布,民主建政工作宣告完成。少数民族聚居地区的民主建政以民族区域自治为重点。新中国初期,西南边疆地区的民族问题呈现出复杂性、特殊性、国际性和重要性几大特征。在面临剿匪、反特、救荒以及土地改革等一系列群众性的社会改革的复杂形势下,西南边疆地区按照党和政府制定的基本原则和法律法规,根据地方实际情况采取具体的措施,完成了当地的民族民主建政,并积累了一些基本经验,至今仍然具有深刻的历史意义和现实意义。

After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,democratic construction,as a central task of the Central People’s Government,was rapidly launched throughout the country,and by 1954 the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China was promulgated,and the work of democratic construction was completed.The democratic government was gradually established in the areas inhabited by ethnic minorities,with a focus on regional ethnic autonomy.In the early period of the People’s Republic of China,the ethnic problems in the southwest frontier region showed the characteristics of complexity,speciality,internationality and importance.In the face of a series of mass social reforms,such as the suppression of bandits,agricultural-disaster reduction&famine relief,and land reform,the southwest frontier region,in accordance with the basic principles and laws and regulations formulated by the Communist Party of China and the Central People’s Government,took concrete measures according to the local situations,completed the local ethnic democratic construction,and accumulated some basic experience.To this day,it still has profound historical and practical significance.