一种省域综合生态补偿绩效评价方法与应用

A Method and Application of Provincial Comprehensive Payments for Ecosystem Services Performance Evaluation

生态补偿是环境领域有效的经济管理手段,然而在省域层面实施过程中,一般采取以政府转移支付型的纵向生态补偿为主、多种补偿手段为辅的补偿机制,存在多种补偿途径重复低效等问题。基于此,提出一套适于省域综合生态补偿的保障度—响应度双向绩效评价体系。以青海省为例,量化了多个保障度及响应度指标,解析生态补偿力度与生态环境状况的关系,评判生态补偿政策有效性。研究结果发现在2011—2015年,青海省转移支付类生态补偿绩效水平总体向好,但整体水平仍偏低;其中,海西州和玉树州的保障度及响应度指数较其余各洲偏低。该评价体系以生态保护成效为导向,可有效辨识区域政府生态补偿政策实施水平,可望促进区域政府提升生态补偿政策执行力度。

Ecological compensation is an effective economic management method in the environmental field.In the practice process at the provincial level,the compensation mechanism based on the vertical transfer of the government transferring payment type and the multiple compensation means is generally adopted.There are many problems such as repeated inefficiencies in multiple compensation channels.Therefore,the paper proposes a set of guarantee-response two-dimensional performance evaluation system for the degree of comprehensive ecological compensation in the province.This article uses Qinghai Province as an example.The author quantified several guarantee indicators and responsivity indicators to analyze the relationship between ecological compensation and ecological environment.This article uses the above indicators to judge the effectiveness of ecological compensation policies.The results show that from 2011 to 2015,the ecological compensation performance level in Qinghai Province showed a positive trend,but the overall level was still low.The guarantee index and responsivity index of Haixi and Yushu are lower than those of other states.The evaluation system is oriented to the effectiveness of ecological protection,which can effectively identify the execution level of ecological compensation policies.It is expected to promote the government to enhance the implementation of ecological compensation policies.