由“破”到“立”:动力学视角下中国环境社会风险化解机制研究——以杭州九峰、湖北仙桃垃圾焚烧发电项目为例

From“Destruction”to“Construction”:Research on China’s Environmental and Social Risk Mitigation Mechanism from the Perspective of Dynamics:Taking the Waste Incineration Power Generation Projects in Hangzhou and Xiantao as Cases

化解环境社会风险已成为地方政府面临的重要挑战之一。以成功复建的杭州九峰、湖北仙桃垃圾焚烧发电项目为例,通过动力学视角对其进行剖析,以克服以往研究中存在的静态与线性等弊端,寻求"邻避"困境的根治之道。研究发现,改变系统的动力学结构是解决问题的关键。具体到文中案例,以信息公开和公众参与打破系统的封闭性,以贴心宣教与诚恳承诺改变系统的反馈环路,以分离问题与极化思想、树立正面典型、增强思想和情感共识、强化外部干预等恢复系统的多维性,以合理补偿、选择优质企业创造或激活潜在的正性吸引子等皆是促使垃圾焚烧发电项目由"破"到"立"的重要途径。

Resolving environmental and social risks have become one of the important challenges facing local governments.The successful reconstruction of waste incineration power generation projects of Hangzhou and Xiantao were taken as cases,to overcome the static and linear drawbacks of previous research,as well as seek the way to solve the problem of NIMBY with dynamics perspective.The research found that changing the dynamics of the system was the key to solving the problem.As far as the case is concerned,firstly,it is to break the system’s closure with information disclosure and public participation.Secondly,it is to change the system’s feedback loop with a painstaking publicity and education as well as sincere commitment.Thirdly,it is to recover the multidimensionality of the system with separating problems and polarization ideas,establish positive models,enhance ideological and emotional consensus,as well as strengthen external intervention.Lastly,it is to create and activate potential positive attractors with the reasonable compensation and selection of high-quality enterprises.Those were all important ways for the waste incineration power generation project from"destruction"to"construction".