记叙文阅读中主人公转换对情境模型更新的影响

The Influence of Protagonist Shifting on the Updating of the Situation Model in Narrative Reading

应用探测任务范式和事件分割范式,以反应时、正确率、均字阅读时间等为指标,探讨主人公转换在记叙文情境模型更新中的作用。结果显示:(1)在主人公转换与事件转换一致时,主人公转换条件下的认知加工更加困难,表现为较长的反应时和均字阅读时间,以及较低的正确率和较高的分割概率。(2)在主人公转换与事件转换不一致条件下,主人公转换对反应时和均字阅读时间的影响显著降低,而分割概率与无转换条件无差异。这表明,事件是记叙文情境模型的核心;主人公维度仅在代表事件转换的条件下,才能引起情境模型的更新。

The goal of the present study was to explore whether the relationship between the protagonist and the event affects situation model updating during the process of reading narrative texts.Probe task paradigm and event segmentation paradigm were applied to the experiment.In Experiment 1,probe words’response time,accuracy rates,and the reading time of key sentences were recorded.The results showed that when the protagonist changed the probe words’response time and the reading time of key sentences were longer than that of no-changing under the conditions that protagonist shifting and event changing were not separated.However,under the separating conditions,there were no significant differences of probe words’response time,accuracy rates,and the reading time of key sentences between protagonist shifting and un-shifting conditions.Experiment 2 explored the phenomenon of event segmentation while reading the narrative texts.The results showed that the more tendency to segment event depended on the protagonist shifting under the consistent condition between protagonist shifting and event changing.But under the separating condition,the more tendency to segment event depended on the event changing.The present findings indicates that event is still a core unit for the situation model updating during narrative reading and comprehension,and the situation model updating is affected by protagonist shifting only when protagonist shifting refers to the event changing.