腰果酚基环氧树脂的合成及其性能研究

Synthesis and Properties of Cardanol-Based Epoxy Resin

设计合成了一种腰果酚基环氧树脂。首先,以羟乙基腰果酚醚(HCE)和三氯氧磷(POCl3)为原料,利用亲核取代反应合成了一种具有三臂结构的预聚体(PT-HCE)。采用双氧水/甲酸的均相催化法对PT-HCE进行了环氧化,合成了磷酸三羟乙基腰果酚醚环氧树脂(EPT-HCE),同时探究了甲酸的投料比对环氧值的影响。结果表明:当双键与甲酸的物质的量比为1∶0.4时,环氧值能达到最高值0.18 mol/(100 g)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)对PT-HCE和EPT-HCE的结构进行了表征,证明了环氧树脂被成功合成。此后,利用所合成的树脂制备了热固化涂料,研究了酸酐含量等对涂层附着力、铅笔硬度和耐冲击性等性能的影响,还将EPT-HCE与双酚A型环氧树脂E51进行了复配。结果表明:相比于纯E51环氧树脂制备的涂层,加入EPT-HCE树脂后的涂层柔韧性得到了提高。

A cardanol-based epoxy resin was synthesized.Firstly,a prepolymer(PTHCE)with a three-arm structure was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction using hydroxyethyl cardanol ether(HCE)and phosphorus oxychloride(POCl3)as raw materials.The epoxidation of PT-HCE was carried out by homogeneous catalysis of hydrogen peroxide/formic acid to synthesize tris-hydroxyethyl cardanol ether epoxy resin(EPT-HCE).At the same time,the effect of the ratio of formic acid on the epoxy value was investigated.The results showed that when the ratio of double bond to formic acid was 1∶0.4,the epoxy value could reach the highest of 0.18 mol/(100 g).The structures of PT-HCE and EPT-HCE were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR).The results showed that the epoxy resin was successfully synthesized.Thereafter,a thermosetting coatings was prepared using the synthesized resin,and the effects of the anhydride content on the adhesion,pencil hardness and impact resistance of coatings were investigated.Moreover,EPT-HCE was also blended with bisphenol A epoxy resin E51.The results showed that the coatings toughness was improved after adding EPT-HCE resin compared to the coating prepared with pure E51 epoxy resin.