行为干预对老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者搔抓行为的效果

Effect of behavioral intervention on scratching behavior in patients with senile pruritus

目的探讨行为干预对老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者搔抓行为的干预效果。方法采用便利抽样法选取100例老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者随机分为观察组与对照组各50例,在口服抗组胺药物治疗基础上,观察组予以基于跨理论模型的行为干预,对照组予以常规的健康教育。采用瘙痒视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)和皮肤病生活质量指数量表(dermatology life quality index,DLQI)分别对两组患者干预前后的瘙痒症状、睡眠质量和生活质量进行比较。结果干预后6个月,观察组[VAS得分:(1.96±1.54)分,PSQI得分:(8.83±2.05)分,DLQI得分:(10.46±2.24)分]搔抓行为改变明显好于对照组[VAS得分:(4.68±1.48)分,PSQI得分:(12.89±2.02)分,DLQI得分:(14.62±2.12)分],两组间的差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论基于跨理论模型的行为干预可有效改变老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者的搔抓行为、缓解瘙痒症状、改善睡眠质量、提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the impact of behavioral intervention on scratching behavior of patients with senile pruritus.Methods One hundred cases of senile pruritus were randomly divided into observation group(n=50)and control group(n=50).All subjects received oral antihistamine.The observation group received behavioral intervention based on the trans-theoretical model,and the control group received routine health education.Visual analogue scale(VAS),Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and dermatology life quality index(DLQI)were used to compare the itching symptoms,sleep quality and quality of life of senile pruritus patients in the two groups.Results After 6 months intervention,the change of scratching behavior in the observation group((1.96±1.54),(8.83±2.05),(10.46±2.24))was significantly better than those in the control group((4.68±1.48),(12.89±2.02),(14.62±2.12)),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).Conclusion Health intervention based on trans-theoretical model can effectively change scratching behavior,relieve itching symptoms,improve sleep quality and the quality of life of senile pruritus patients.