新生儿低血糖的研究及管理现状

Research and management of hypoglycemia in neonates

新生儿低血糖是新生儿早期常见的并发症之一,目前诊断标准为血糖<2.2 mmol/L,但研究指出更具有意义的干预水平为2.6 mmol/L,临床表现为反应偏弱、吸吮不佳、睡眠偏多、大汗、血氧波动、震颤增加等。无症状新生儿低血糖亦可能出现新生儿脑损伤,持续或者反复性新生儿低血糖则更容易导致严重全身反应,低血糖脑损伤严重时影响远期神经发育。临床治疗新生儿低血糖时可给予静脉输注葡萄糖液,护理方面需注意全面护理,可采用分层管理、集束化保暖管理的措施。

Neonatal hypoglycemia is one of the common complications in the early stage of newborn.The current diagnostic standard is that blood glucose<2.2 mmol/L.However,some studies have pointed out that the more significant intervention level of blood glucose is 2.6 mmol/L.The clinical manifestations of neonatal hypoglycemia are weak response,poor sucking,excessive sleep,sweating,blood oxygen fluctuation,increased tremor,etc.Asymptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia may also cause neonatal brain damage.Persistent or recurrent neonatal hypoglycemia is more likely to lead to severe systemic reactions.Hypoglycemia can affect long-term neurodevelopment when brain damage is serious.The clinical treatment of neonatal hypoglycemia includes intravenous infusion of glucose solution,comprehensive nursing care,stratified management and cluster warming management.