带掌长肌腱的桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣修复手指复合组织缺损

Repairing dorsal complex tissue defect of finger with flaps based on superficial palmar branch of radial artery with palmaris longus tendon

目的探讨应用带掌长肌腱的桡动脉掌浅支(SPBRA)皮瓣修复手指复合组织缺损的临床效果。方法自2011年5月至2017年10月,应用带掌长肌腱的SPBRA皮瓣修复手指复合组织缺损15例15指,其中男10例,女5例,年龄平均35.8(19~51)岁,创面均位于手指背侧,其中拇指3例,示指5例,中指2例,环指5例。均伴有伸肌腱的缺损,软组织缺损面积2.0 cm×1.5 cm^4.0 cm×2.0 cm,肌腱缺损长度2.0~4.0 cm;15例均为急诊手术,受伤距手术时间为1.5~3.0 h,平均2.0 h,手术时间为3.0~4.5 h,平均3.6 h。术后定期随访。结果15例患者伤口均一期愈合,皮瓣均成活。皮瓣质地柔软,红润,无明显肿胀,供区切口均一期愈合。随访4~18个月,平均8个月,患指外形及功能恢复良好,痛觉、温度觉、触觉均恢复较好。皮瓣质地柔软,外形不臃肿,色泽与手指皮肤相近,皮瓣耐磨性良好,腕部供区留线形瘢痕,无瘢痕挛缩,腕关节主动掌屈0°~80°、主动背伸0°~70°,活动度无明显受限。结论带掌长肌腱的SPBRA皮瓣修复手指复合组织缺损,皮瓣具有供区隐蔽、创伤小、切取方便、容易吻合的优点,可以获得满意的临床疗效。

Objective To explore the clinical effects in repairing dorsal complex tissue defect of finger with the flap based on superficial palmar branch of radial artery (SPBRA) with palmaris longus tendon.Methods From May, 2011 to October, 2017, dorsal complex tissue defects of 15 fingers and thumbs in 15 patients were treated by the flaps which were based on SPBRA with palmaris longus tendon. There were 10 males and 5 females, in an average of 35.8 (19-51) years. All the defects (3 thumbs, 5 index, 2 middle and 5 ring fingers) were dorsal complex tissue defects and all had extensor tendon defects. The areas of soft tissue defect measured 2.0 cm×1.5 cm to 4.0 cm×2.0 cm. The lengths of tendon defect measured 2.0-4.0 cm. All patients received emergency surgery. The time before the surgery was 1.5-3.0 hours. The surgery time was 3.0-4.5 hours, 3.6 hours in an average. Postoperative regular follow-up.Results All of the wounds healed in stage I and all flaps survived. Texture of the flaps was soft with rosy color. No obvious swelling occurred. All the donor sites healed in stage I. The patients were followed-up for 4-18 months, 8 months in an average. The appearance and function of the repaired fingers and thumbs were satisfactory. The pain, temperature and touch sensations were good. The color of flaps was similar to the normal finger without swelling. The wear resistance of the flaps was good. Thin-line scars were in the wrist donor sites without contracture. The range of motion of active palmar flexion of the wrist was from 0° to 80° and active hyperextension was from 0° to 70°. No obvious limitation was found.Conclusion It is able to achieve a satisfactory clinical effects by using the flap that is based on SPBRA with palmaris longus tendon in repairing the dorsal complex tissue defect of hand. The advantages of the technique are that the donor site is concealed. The wound is small, and the flap is easy to be harvested and anastomosed.