大型集装箱港口近港集疏运道路服务水平提升

Improvement of service level of highway for collection and distribution near large container port

公路集疏运是港口集疏运的主要方式之一。针对大型集装箱港口吞吐量较大造成的近港主要集疏运道路拥堵问题,进行现状情况的分析研究,总结近港道路的交通特征和拥堵原因。在此基础上,采用节流和开源的方法,从降低小时流量和提高通行能力的角度出发,提出设置港外堆场的方式平衡公路流量和引入无人驾驶降低平均车头时距两个方面的措施。并以上海洋山深水港区为例,应用本文提出的改善措施,详述港外中转堆场规模、选址和在无人集卡运输要求下集疏运道路断面调整方案,计算得出"改善后集疏运道路服务水平显著提升"的结果,印证了本文提出措施的可行性,为港口集疏运规划决策提供思路。

Highway transportation is one of the main methods of port collecting and distributing transportation. This paper analyzes the current situation of the congestion of main collecting and distributing roads near the port caused by the large throughput of large container ports,and summarizes the traffic characteristics and congestion reasons of the roads near the port. On this basis,two measures are put forward for both reducing the hourly traffic flow and increasing the capacity of collecting and distributing road,i. e.,reducing expenditure by setting up outside yard to balance the traffic flow and increasing the income by introducing the driverless container truck to reduce the mean time headway. Furthermore,applying the measures proposed to Shanghai Yangshan Deepwater Port,this paper describes the scale and location of the off-port transit storage yard,and adjustment scheme of lane layout under the requirement of driverless container truck transportation. The result confirms the feasibility of the measures proposed in this paper. In consequence,it can provide an idea for the decision of port collecting and distributing transportation planning.