影响中国协商民主制度化发展的几个问题

Issues Affecting the Institutionalization of Chinese Deliberative Democracy

中国的协商民主制度化不是简单、线性的"构建制度并执行",而是一个理念、制度及实践非线性互动的复杂过程。在这一过程中,制度理性的缺失、官本位文化、制度技术的滞后以及协商民主实践的不足等问题,都在不同程度上制约着中国协商民主制度化的进一步发展。这些问题既相互影响、彼此关联,也有其各自的表现形式和发生机理,其优化和解决应从多个方面展开:积极培育与协商民主相适应的制度理性、着力建设社会主义协商民主文化、系统创新协商民主的制度技术以及全方位推进协商民主实践。基于此,应该将协商民主制度化置于更为宏大的社会文化背景中,在上述问题的相互关联与共同优化的过程中予以把握和推进。

Institutionalization of deliberative democracy is not a simple and linear process of"the construction and implementation of institutions", but a non-linear process of the mutual shaping of ideas, institutions and practices. In this process, the lack of institutional rationality, the official-based culture and the lag of institutional skills as well as the insufficiency of deliberative democracy practice have all restrained the further development of institutionalization of deliberative democracy in China. These issues are influencing and interrelating with one another, and they are also distinctive in their forms and occurrences. To engage with these issues, the following measures need to be taken: actively cultivating institutional rationality compatible with deliberative democracy, constructing a socialist culture of deliberative democracy, developing innovative skills of deliberative democracy and promoting comprehensively the practice of deliberative democracy. Furthermore, institutionalization of deliberative democracy should be placed in a broader social and cultural background, and be grasped and promoted in the process of interrelation and interaction of the above issues.