“娜拉”与“海尔茂”的当代博弈--重读韦君宜小说《女人》及与妇女生活相关的文章

The Contemporary Game Between“Nora”and“Helmer”--A Reinterpretation on Wei Junyi’s Women and other Related Articles about Women’s Lives

韦君宜在新中国成立初期创作的短篇小说《女人》,与她同时期发表的有关妇女生活的系列文章构成互文,呈现了她对新中国妇女命运的关注与思考。这些作品一方面探讨了父权制与妇女屈从地位的关系,指出具有强大传承性的父权制思想仍然在规约着当代国人的性别角色认知,形塑出当代"海尔茂"与重新回家的"娜拉";另一方面又探讨国家话语与妇女主体建构之间的复杂关系,指出新中国对超性别"同志"关系的高度重视,让执着奋斗的"娜拉"获得了反抗父权制本质主义性别角色的动力和勇气。韦君宜对这一时期中国妇女命运的思索,尤其是对父权制意识形态与当代妇女解放问题的探讨,与马克思主义女权主义理论具有相通之处。

The short story Women by Wei Junyi along with her other series of articles about the lives of women in the early period of New China illustrated her concerns and thinking over women’s fate in New China. On one hand,these writings examined the relationship between patriarchy and women’s subordinate position, revealing that the inherited idea of patriarchy was still influencing and restricting the cognition of gender roles in the minds of people in contemporary China and shaped the contemporary images of"Helmer"and"Nora"returning home. On the other hand, her writings explored the complicated relationship between the state discourse and the construction of female subjects, disclosing that New China highly respected the"comrade"relationship transcending genders and encouraged"Noras"who persistently struggled in the fight against the gender roles defined by patriarchy. Wei Junyi’s thinking over the fate of women at that time, particularly the discussion about the ideology of patriarchy and the emancipation of contemporary women,was and still is of the same line of the feminist theory in Marxism.