口腔扁平苔藓基因遗传学的研究进展

Advances in genetics of oral lichen planus

口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)的确切病因和发病机制目前尚不明确,对其病因尚未有一种可以完全解释其发病机制的假说,可能是多种因素共同作用的结果。近年来,陆续有OLP家族发病的报道以及关于OLP分子遗传学的研究,认为遗传因素是OLP的一个发病因素。目前已知多种与OLP易感性有关的遗传因素,包括人类DNA错配修复系统基因(MMR)、p53基因及其与家族蛋白、线粒体DNA、(RNA)。国内外学者对关于OLP遗传相关性已做了一定的研究,取得了很大的进展。通过研究多种细胞因子的基因多态性、核糖核酸,有利于从遗传方面阐述OLP的病因和发病机制,有利于对OLP相关联区域的精准定位,进一步找出关键基因,进一步阐明OLP的分子病理机制,并对其进行功能分类,也有利于对OLP的预防、早期诊断、直接有效靶向治疗和防复发以及药物研发提供重要价值。本文从基因、基因多态性、核糖核酸三方面对OLP遗传相关性的研究作一综述。

The exact etiology and pathogenesis of oral lichen planus(OLP)is still unclear,and there is no hypothesis that its pathogenesis can fully explain its pathogenesis,which may be the result of multiple factors.In recent years,there have been reports on the pathogenesis of OLP family and studies on molecular genetics of OLP,which suggest that genetic factors are aone of pathogenic factors of OLP.Multiple genetic factors associated with OLP susceptibility are known,including the human DNA mismatch repair system gene(MMR),the p53 gene and its family proteins,mitochondrial DNA,(RNA).Domestic and foreign scholars have done some research on the genetic correlation of OLP and made great progress.By studying the genetic polymorphisms and ribonucleic acids of various cytokines,it is helpful to explain the etiology and pathogenesis of OLP from the genetic aspect,and to facilitate the precise localization of OLP-associated regions,further identify key genes,and further elucidate the molecules of OLP.The pathological mechanism and functional classification of it are also beneficial for the prevention,early diagnosis,direct and effective targeted therapy and anti-recurrence of OLP and drug development.This paper reviews the genetic correlation of OLP from three aspects:gene,gene polymorphism and ribonucleic acid.