多花黄精不同龄节药材质量研究

Medicinal Quality Relating to Age of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Plant Sections

【目的】通过研究多花黄精不同龄节药材质量,为其产地采收初加工、分级分类和临床合理用药量的配伍提供依据。【方法】按照2015版《中国药典》(一部和四部)测定贵州省六枝特区多花黄精不同龄节的水分、浸出物、灰分和多糖含量,利用比色法测定黄酮含量,采用主成分分析法分析其不同龄节的质量变化并进行综合评价。【结果】灰分以2年龄节最低,为1.38%;醇溶性浸出物以2年龄节最高,为78.04%;多糖以1年龄节最高,为14.65%,1~3年龄节的多糖含量符合药典标准,而4年和5年龄节的多糖含量低于药典标准;黄酮以2年龄节中最高,为1.91%;灰分与药用成分均呈负相关。主成分分析,多花黄精不同龄节的质量排名依次为2、1、3、4、5年。【结论】在多花黄精产地初加工时可将不同龄节进行分级,其中2年龄节为1级,1年龄节为2级,3年龄节为3级。在临床中,可根据多花黄精药材的不同质量进行合理用药量的配伍。

【Objective】 Quality of sections of different age on a medicinal Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua plant was analyzed for processing, commercial classification, and clinic dosage determination. 【Method】 According to the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Part 1 and Part 4), contents of moisture, ethanol extracts, ashes, and polysaccharides in sections of different ages on P. cyrtonema plants harvested in Liuzhi Special Zone of Guizhou Province were determined. Flavonoids content was measured by colorimetry. 【Result】 Among sections of different ages on the plants, the lowest ash content of1.38% was found on the 2-year-old specimens;the highest alcohol extract of 78.04% on the 2-year-olds;and the highest polysaccharides of 14.45% on the one-year-olds. The polysaccharide contents of the one to 3 years old sections met the pharmacopoeia standard, but the 4-and 5-year-olds did not. The highest content of flavonoids was 1.91% found on 2-year-lod plant sections. The content of ashes inversely correlated with those other functional components. The principal component analysis ranked the order of sections on their contents of the functional substances as 2-year-old>1-year-old>3-year-old>4-year-old>5-year-old.【Conclusion】 For processing into market products, the harvested P. cyrtonema plants could be sorted according to the age of plant sections, such as, the 2-year-olds as Grade 1, 1-year-old as Grade 2, and 3-year-old as Grade 3.For clinical applications, appropriate dosages could be determined according to the grades as well.