新中国70年“五四”研究的话语转换

The Discourse Transformation in New China’s 70-year Research on the May 4 th Movement

五四运动的话语在时代更迭中磨砺出了三种不同的话语系统:革命性话语、现代性话语、后现代性话语。不同话语体系下的“五四形象”,彰显了不同时代的价值认同。革命性话语是五四话语的逻辑起点,为夺取政治合法性提供了社会心理基础;现代性话语是五四话语的理性重建,接续了新启蒙运动的温和反思;后现代性是五四话语的激进解构,以反传统的视角对五四运动进行价值颠覆,多维视野下的五四运动话语,彰显了价值表达的多元化。虽然三种话语模式共存,但并不是平行结构,革命话语作为主流话语其合理性始终贯穿于历史之中,并以革命的内在逻辑转变为现代性,为现代化准备了条件,今日之现代化正是革命之结果。三种话语的层层递进和超越,透射了五四话语在社会转型和文化变迁中的社会功能和时代价值。研究方法的多元化和研究视角的广泛化,凸显了学界权衡政治立场与学术研究关系的能力,建构了完整性、客观性并存的叙事体系,以五四运动的智慧照鉴中国特色社会主义的未来。

With the changing of times,the discourse of the May 4 th movement has developed into three different systems:revolutionary discourse,modern discourse and post-modern discourse.In different discourse systems the“May 4 th image”reflects the value identification of different times respectively.Revolutionary discourse,the logical starting point of May 4 th discourse provides a social psychological basis for the legitimacy to seize political power.With a rational reconstruction,its modern discourse continues the moderate reflection of the New Enlightenment.The post-modernity of the May 4 th movement’s discourse when deconstructed radically subverts the value of the May 4 th movement from an anti-traditional perspective.The discourse of the May 4 th movement in a multi-dimensional view highlights the diversified expressions of values.Although coexisting,the three discourse modes are not in a parallelized structure.As the mainstream discourse running through the history,the rationality of revolutionary discourse has changed into modernity depending on its inherent revolution logic,which has set the stage for the modernization and thereby,today’s modernization is the result of revolution.Progressing and surpassing one by one the three kinds of discourse have transmitted the social function and times value of the discourse of May 4 th movement during the social transformation and the cultural change.The diversification of research methods and the extension of research perspectives highlight the academic circle’s ability to balance the relationship between political stance and academic research,construct a narrative system of integrity and objectivity,and mirror the future of socialism with Chinese characteristics with the wisdom of the May 4 th movement.