国外高校实验教学的他山之石——以澳大利亚为例

Inspiration from practical courses of overseas universities-examples from Australia

实验教学是理论知识与实践活动相结合的过程,是培养学生创新精神的重要方法。通过采访任课教师、收集课程教材、实地考察实验室等形式,调查研究了澳大利亚三所知名高水平大学的环境科学与工程类专业的近十门基础实验课程。分析总结了国外高校实验课程在课程组织、教学内容、教学方式、成绩考核等方面的特点,比较了伍伦贡大学“分析与环境化学”课程与南开大学“环境化学实验”课程的异同。国外实验课在教学内容上更加重视实验室安全和科研规范教育,在教学方式上广泛采用了信息技术和互联网技术,建设了在线课程,可供国内高校实验教学所借鉴。

Practical courses are the combination of theoretical knowledge and practical activities,and are essential approaches to cultivate spirit of innovation.With the methods of interviewing the lecturers,collecting course materials,and visiting the laboratories,about ten practical courses on environmental science and engineering of three highly prestigious Australian universities were investigated.The character of the practical courses,such as course organization,learning content,teaching methods,and grade assessment are summarized.The comparison between the course Analytical and Environmental Chemistry of the University of Wollongong and the course Environmental Chemistry Experiments of Nankai University is illustrated.In the practical courses of overseas universities,the importance of laboratory safety and research integrity are emphasized,and information technologies,internet technologies and online courses are widely used,which could be used for reference in Chinese universities.