河南南阳地区儿童肺炎流行病学特点及病原菌的耐药情况分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Children's Pneumonia and Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Nanyang Region of He'nan

目的:分析河南南阳地区儿童肺炎流行病学特点以及病原菌的耐药情况,为临床诊疗和合理用药提供参考。方法:抽取2016年5月—2017年6月间医院收治的儿童肺炎患儿198例资料作为研究对象,分析其患儿的临床资料、病原菌构成谱以及耐药情况。结果:198例儿童肺炎患儿中,检测出病原菌阳性115例,其检出率为58.08%;其中检出病原菌155株,其中致病细菌40株占25.81%,病毒48株占30.97%,非典型病原体67株占43.22%;主要以肺炎支原体为主(45株)占67.16%;前3位主要致病菌为肺炎克雷伯菌12株占30.00%,大肠埃希菌10株占25.00%,黄金色葡萄球菌8株占20.00%;肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林的耐药率分别为58.33%、80.00%和87.50%;而肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌对亚胺培南的耐药率均为0.00%。结论:河南南阳地区儿童肺炎主要以肺炎支原体感染最为常见,其次为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,因此临床治疗中应根据患儿病情以及药敏试结果选择合适的抗菌药物治疗,以提高其临床治疗效果,改善患儿预后。

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of children's pneumonia and the drug resistance of pathogens in nanyang region of He'nan,and to provides a reference for clinical diagnosis,treatment and rational drug use.Methods:198 children with pneumonia admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to June 2017 were selected as the research objects.The clinical data,pathogenic bacteria composition and drug resistance of the children were analyzed.Results:115 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 198 children with pneumonia,and the detection rate was 58.08%.A total of 155 pathogenic bacteria were detected.Among them,40 strains of bacteria accounted for 25.81%,48 strains of viruses accounted for 30.97%,and 67 strains of atypical pathogens accounted for 43.22%.Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the main pathogen,accounting for 67.16%of 45 strains.The TOP 3 bacterial infections were Klebsiella pneumoniae 12 strains,accounting for 30.00%;Escherichia coli 10 strains,accounting for 25.00%;Staphylococcus aureus 8 strains,accounting for 20.00%.The resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to ampicillin were 58.33%,80.00%and 87.50%,respectively,while the resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to imipenem were all 0.00%.Conclusion:Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is the most common form of pneumonia among children in Nanyang region of He'nan,followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Therefore,appropriate drugs should be selected according to the condition of children in clinical treatment to improve the clinical therapeutic effect and prognosis of children.