间歇气压治疗长期卧床患者下肢深静脉血栓及护理干预效果观察

Observation on the effect of intermittent barometric therapy on deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs and nursing intervention in patients with long-term bed rest

目的探讨间歇气压治疗预防长期卧床患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的护理效果。方法回顾性分析2016年12月~2018年12月我院收治的80例神经外科颅脑损伤或脑出血手术患者的临床资料,按照随机数字表法将患者平均分为两组,对照组及预防组各40例,两组均给予间歇气压治疗,对照组采用常规护理,预防组在对照组基础上采用优质护理,比较两组D-二聚体水平差异,记录两组下肢深静脉血栓发生率,比较治疗前后肢体冷感评分情况。结果治疗后,两组患者D-二聚体水平明显下降,且预防组下降幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05);经比较,预防组下肢疼痛、下肢肿胀及LDVT发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者肢体冷感评分明显下降,且预防组肢体冷感评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针对神经外科颅脑损伤或脑出血手术患者,常规治疗和护理的基础上,采用间歇气压治疗能改善患者D-二聚体水平,减少下肢深静脉血栓发生率,肢体冷感情况得以改善,值得临床不断推广与使用。

Objective To investigate the nursing effect of intermittent barometric therapyon prevention of deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs in patients with long-term bed rest.Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with craniocerebral injury or cerebral hemorrhage treated in our hospital from December 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into two groups,40 in the control group and 40 in the prevention group.Both groups were given intermittent barometric therapy.The control group received conventional nursing,while the prevention group received high-quality nursing on the basis of the control group.The differences in D-dimer levels between the two groups were compared.The incidence of deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremities of the two groups was recorded,and the cold sensation scores of the limbs before and after treatment were compared.Results After treatment,the levels of D-dimer in the two groups were significantly decreased,and the decrease in the prevention group was significantly greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).By comparison;the incidences of lower extremity pain,lower extremity swelling and LDVT in the prevention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the cold sensation scores of the limbs in the two groups were significantly decreased,and the score of the prevention group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion For patients with craniocerebral injury or cerebral hemorrhage,intermittent barometric therapyon the basis ofconventional treatment and nursing can improve the D-dimer level,reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities,and improve the cold sensation of limbs,whichis worthy of continuouspromotion and use in clinical practice.