母亲孕期增重及婴儿喂养方式与儿童肥胖的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of the relationship between maternal weight gain,infant feeding style and childhood obesity

目的分析母亲孕期增重和婴儿的喂养方式与儿童肥胖之间的关系,为制定降低儿童肥胖率的相关措施提供参考。方法选取湖北省江陵县人民医院所在区域内的4家幼儿园中的951名儿童及其家长作为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式对儿童及母亲的孕期情况进行调查。调查的内容包括:儿童的身高、体重、婴儿喂养方式等。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析儿童肥胖与母亲孕期增重和婴儿喂养方式之间的关系。结果发放调查问卷951份,收回有效调查问卷940份,调查问卷的回收率为98.84%。受访儿童中肥胖的发生率为10.00%(94/940)。单因素分析结果表明,母亲孕期体重增加>15 kg的儿童肥胖发生率高于孕期体重增加未超过15 kg的儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),婴儿6个月内纯母乳喂养的儿童肥胖率低于未进行纯母乳喂养的儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,母亲孕期体重增加>15 kg是儿童肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05),婴儿6个月内纯母乳喂养是儿童肥胖的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论母亲孕期体重增加>15 kg和婴儿6个月内纯母乳喂养是儿童肥胖的影响因素,应引导孕妇适当控制体重增长,鼓励产妇采用纯母乳喂养婴儿,降低儿童肥胖发生率。

Objective To analyze the relationship between maternal weight gain during pregnancy and infant feeding methods and childhood obesity,and to provide reference for the development of measures to reduce childhood obesity.Methods A total of 951 children and their parents in the four kindergartens in our district were selected as subjects.The questionnaires were used to investigate the status of children and the pregnancy status of their mothers.The contents of the survey include:children’s height,weight,infant feeding methods,etc.The contents of the survey included:children’s height and weight and infant feeding methods,etc.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between childhood obesity and maternal weight gain and infant feeding patterns.Results A total of 951 questionnaires were distributed,and 940 valid questionnaires were returned.The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 98.84%.The incidence of obesity among the children interviewed was 10.00%(94/940).The results of univariate analysis showed that the incidence of obesity in children whose mothers had a weight gain of more than 15 kg during pregnancy was significantly higher than that in children whose mothers did not exceed 15 kg during pregnancy(P<0.05).The obesity rate of infants who were exclusively breastfed within 6 months of age was significantly lower than that of children without exclusively breastfeeding(P<0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that maternal weight gain during pregnancy was greater than 15 kg,which was a risk factor for childhood obesity(P<0.05).Infants who were exclusively breastfed within 6 months of age were protective factors for childhood obesity(P<0.05).Conclusion The maternal weight gain more than 15 kg and the infant’s exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months are the influencing factors of childhood obesity.It is necessary to guide pregnant women to properly control their weight gain and encourage the mother to adopt exclusive breastfeeding infant feeding methods,which is beneficial to reduce childhood obesity rate.