山东省农村家庭生活能源消费结构的优化——以896个农户调查为例

Optimization of the Energy Consumption Structure of Rural Households in Shandong Province--A Survey of 896 Farmers

农村能源消费是国家能源消费的组成部分,是美丽乡村建设的重要基础。通过调查山东省6县(市)896个农户,发现该省农村家庭生活能源消费的基本情况是:家庭生活能源消费支出占家庭收入的5.97%,接近能源焦虑阶段;家庭生活能源消费结构仍以传统生物质能和煤炭为主;样本地区家庭生活能源消费量虽然差异显著,但其占总能源消费量的比重范围为13.3%_21.3%,差异并不显著。基于山东省农村家庭生活能源消费的现实情况,应通过提高清洁能源在农村生活能源消费结构中的比重、加强清洁能源与环保知识的普及教育、加强“煤改电”与“煤改气”补贴资金监管、打造农村清洁能源发展长效机制、完善农村生活能源服务体系等措施,进一步改进和优化山东省农村家庭生活能源消费结构。

Rural energy consumption is an important part of national energy consumption and the important foundation for beautiful rural construction.Through the questionnaire survey of 896 rural households in 6 counties(cities)of Shandong Province,we analyze the energy consumption of the rural households and draw the following conclusions.Energy consumption of rural households in Shandong Province accounts for 5.97%of household income,which is a burden and an anxiety to the rural households.The household energy consumption structure in Shandong Province is dominated by biomass energy and coal,with over 80%wood,hay and coal consumption and less than 20%electricity and LNG consumption.There are significant differences in household energy consumption among the six sample areas,but the proportion of household energy consumption to total energy consumption ranges from 13.3%to 21.3%,with little difference.In order to further optimize the consumption structure of domestic energy in rural areas,the government should improve the proportion of clean energy consumption in rural areas by promoting the knowledge of clean energy and environmental protection,strengthening the supervision of subsidies for“coal to electricity”and“coal to gas”transformation,building a long-term mechanism for rural clean energy development and improvement,and by improving the energy service system in rural areas.