河西走廊民间信仰的神祇类型与特点——以张掖北武当为中心的考察

Types and Characteristics of Deities in Folk Beliefs in the Hexi Corridor——A Research on Bei Wudang in Zhangye

民间信仰崇祀的对象具有较强的稳定性与历史承继性,集中反映了当地民众的情感世界与精神生活方式。从崇祀神祇的属性与功能来看,河西走廊民间信仰的对象可以分为天神与佛菩萨崇拜、自然与命运神崇拜、医药与健康神崇拜、仙真与人物神崇拜。从民间信仰的神祇及其在庙宇的供奉情况来看,河西走廊民间信仰具有包容性与杂糅性、实用性与非功利性、地域性与随意性的特点。河西走廊独特的自然地理环境、地形地貌、气候条件与当时的社会环境是影响当地民间信仰神祇类型与特点的主要因素。

The Deities worshipped by folks have strong stability and historical inheritance,which reflects the emotional world and spiritual life style of the local people.Judging from the attributes and functions of worshipping deities,the objects of folk beliefs in the Hexi Corridor can be divided into the worship of the gods of heaven and Buddha,the worship of gods of nature and destiny,the worship of gods of medicine and health,the worship of gods of celestial beings and people.From the perspective of the deities of folk beliefs and their worship in temples,folk beliefs in Hexi Corridor have the characteristics of inclusiveness and blending,practicality and non-utilitarianism,locality and randomness.The special natural geographical environment,topography,climatic conditions and social environment at that time in Hexi Corridor are the main factors that affected the types and characteristics of local folk beliefs.