征兆预示与神怪传说:宋代植物崇拜的社会文化阐释

Omens and Supernatural Legends:Social Cultural Interpretations of Plant Worship in Song Dynasty

中华文明包含着博大精深的植物文化,这种文化是古代先民在驯化植物的过程中所形成的思想情感、观念意识的统称。植物变异预示吉凶和以树木、花草为原型的神怪传说是古代植物文化的重要方面。至宋,受征兆预示与神怪传说的浸染,树木、花卉在宋人的精神世界里留下鲜明印记。植物的变异经常被宋人用来占卜吉凶,预测未来;以某树、花、草为原型的精、怪、神、鬼们亦成为宋代玄怪小说中的常客。以植物为物质载体,由植物观人及社会,有助于我们更好地把握宋朝特定的时代特色,一窥当时的社会形态和时人的精神世界,亦能追本溯源,以古鉴今,揭示古人认识自然、理解自然的观念基础,为当代构建人与自然和谐共生的精神家园提供启示和镜鉴。

The Chinese civilization contains extensive and profound plant culture,which is a general term for the thoughts,feelings and ideas formed by ancient ancestors in the process of domesticating plants.Plant variation indicates good or bad luck,with the trees,flowers and plants as prototypes of legends are important aspects of ancient plant culture.In the Song Dynasty,the trees and flowers left their distinctive marks in the spiritual world of the people.The variation of plants was often used by Song people to predict the future.With a tree,flower,grass as the prototype of the essence,there were many supernatural characters were frequently used in the mystery novel in the Song Dynasty.Taking plants as the material carrier and observing people and society by plants is helpful for us to better understand the specific characteristics and the spiritual world of people at that time,and leam from the past,and reveal the conceptual basis of the ancients'understanding of the nature,provide a reference for the harmonious society between man and the nature.