壳聚糖-海泡石复合材料吸附废变压器油中铜杂质的实验研究

Experimental Study on Adsorption of Copper Impurities in Waste Transformer Oil by Chitosan-sepiolite Composites

为移除劣化变压器油中的铜杂质,利用海泡石对壳聚糖进行改性,制备壳聚糖-海泡石复合材料,对废弃变压器油进行吸附处理,并探讨了海泡石添加量以及吸附温度对吸附效果的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TGA)等测试手段对吸附材料进行表征,通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)测试变压器油中铜杂质含量,并通过全自动介损仪和耐压仪对变压器油的电气性能进行测定。结果表明:当海泡石的质量分数为60%,温度为50℃时,壳聚糖-海泡石复合材料对废弃变压器油中铜杂质的吸附效果最好。油样经过吸附处理后,铜杂质的含量下降了73.1%,击穿电压提高了46.2%,介质损耗因数下降了9.5%,水分含量下降了19.4%。

In order to remove the copper impurities in deteriorated transformer oil, sepiolite was used to modify chitosan, and a chitosan-sepiolite composite was prepared to adsorption treatment on waste transformer oil. The effects of the sepiolite amount and adsorption temperature on the adsorption effect were discussed. The adsorption materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Fourier infrared spectrometer(FTIR), and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA), the content of copper impurities in transformer oil was tested by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer(ICP), and the electrical properties of transformer oil were measured by automatic dielectric loss meter and withstand voltage tester. The results show that when the mass fraction of sepiolite is 60% and the temperature is 50 ℃, the chitosan-sepiolite composites have the best adsorption effect on the copper impurities in deteriorated transformer oil. After adsorption treatment, the content of copper impurities in oil sample decreases by 73.1%,the breakdown voltage increases by 46.2%, the dielectric loss factor decreases by 9.5%, and the water content decreases by 19.4%.