塔里木盆地塔中隆起断控复式油气聚集的差异性及主控因素

Differences and controlling factors of composite hydrocarbon accumulations in the Tazhong uplift, Tarim Basin, NW China

基于三维地震精细解释、构造与沉积特征剖析、流体性质及生产动态研究,探讨塔里木盆地塔中隆起油气成藏规律及主控因素。研究结果表明,塔中隆起油气具有以断裂为主控因素的复式成藏特征,80%以上油气储量沿断裂带富集;塔中隆起发育大型逆冲及走滑断裂,断裂形成演化与成藏耦合关系决定了复式油气聚集的差异性,断裂活动规模与期次决定了圈闭的充满程度与相态平衡,即输导体系的不畅通、油气充注的不充分、流体聚集的非平衡等受控于断裂,多期构造沉积演化控制了断裂带圈闭条件的差异性,多期油气运聚成藏控制了断裂带流体分布的差异性。断控复式油气差异性聚集理论是塔中隆起整体评价、立体开发与增储上产的关键。

Based on three-dimensional seismic interpretation, structural and sedimentary feature analysis, and examination of fluid properties and production dynamics, the regularity and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong uplift, Tarim Basin are investigated. The results show that the oil and gas in the Tazhong uplift has the characteristics of complex accumulation mainly controlled by faults, and more than 80% of the oil and gas reserves are enriched along fault zones. There are large thrust and strike-slip faults in the Tazhong uplift, and the coupling relationship between the formation and evolution of the faults and accumulation determine the difference in complex oil and gas accumulations. The active scale and stage of faults determine the fullness of the traps and the balance of the phase, that is, the blocking of the transport system, the insufficient filling of oil and gas, and the unsteady state of fluid accumulation are dependent on the faults. The multi-period tectonic sedimentary evolution controls the differences of trap conditions in the fault zones, and the multi-phase hydrocarbon migration and accumulation causes the differences of fluid distribution in the fault zones. The theory of differential oil and gas accumulation controlled by fault is the key to the overall evaluation, three-dimensional development and discovery of new reserves in the Tazhong uplift.