注空气全温度域原油氧化反应特征及开发方式

Oil oxidation in the whole temperature regions during oil reservoir air injection and development methods

通过模拟实验揭示了从30℃到600℃的注空气全温度域原油氧化反应特征,将原油注空气氧化反应划分为溶解膨胀、低温氧化、中温氧化和高温氧化4个温度区间,总结了不同温度区间的氧化反应机理。根据原油氧化特征结合矿场试验成果,提出稀油油藏注空气开发技术划分为减氧空气驱和空气驱,稠油油藏注空气火驱技术划分为中温火驱和高温火驱。稀油油藏温度低于120℃,应选择减氧空气驱,高于120℃,可直接采用空气驱开发;普通稠油油藏燃烧前缘温度低于400℃可选择注空气中温火驱开发,普通稠油油藏和胶质、沥青质含量较高的特/超稠油油藏,燃烧前缘温度高于450℃可选择注空气高温火驱开发。中国石油天然气股份有限公司近10年的攻关和开发试验证实,空气与其他气体驱油介质相比在技术、经济和气源等方面具有明显优势,不仅适用于低/特低渗透稀油油藏、中高渗透稀油油藏,也适用于稠油油藏,是一种很有潜力的新型驱油介质。

The oil oxidation characteristics of the whole temperature regions from 30 ℃ to 600 ℃ during oil reservoir air injection were revealed by experiments. The whole oil oxidation temperature regions were divided into four different parts: dissolving and inflation region, low temperature oxidation region, medium temperature oxidation region and high temperature oxidation region. The reaction mechanisms of different regions were explained. Based on the oil oxidation characteristics and filed tests results, light oil reservoirs air injection development methods were divided into two types: oxygen-reducing air flooding and air flooding;heavy oil reservoirs air injection in-situ combustion development methods were divided into two types: medium temperature in-situ combustion and high temperature in-situ combustion. When the reservoir temperature is lower than 120 ℃, oxygen-reducing air flooding should be used for light oil reservoir development. When the reservoir temperature is higher than 120 ℃, air flooding method should be used for light oil reservoir development. For a normal heavy oil reservoir, when the combustion front temperature is lower than 400 ℃, the development method is medium temperature in-situ combustion. For a heavy oil reservoir with high oil resin and asphalting contents, when the combustion front temperature is higher than 450 ℃, the development method at this condition is high temperature in-situ combustion. Ten years field tests of air injection carried out by PetroChina proved that air has advantages in technical, economical and gas source aspects compared with other gas agents for oilfield gas injection development. Air injection development can be used in low/super-low permeability light oil reservoirs, medium and high permeability light oil reservoirs and heavy oil reservoirs. Air is a very promising gas flooding agent.