微塑料对疏水性有机污染物的生物富集影响研究进展

Resent Advances on the Effects of Microplastics on Bioaccumulation of Hydrophobic Organic Pollutants

近年来,海洋和淡水环境中微塑料污染已成为全球关注的热点问题。微塑料不仅会对生物体造成物理损伤,而且微塑料会吸附环境中的疏水性有机污染物(HOCs),也能释放其本身含有的添加型疏水性有机化合物至表面,从而形成复合污染物进入生物体。然而,有关微塑料在污染物生物富集过程中发挥的作用及其机制还不清楚。本文从实验室暴露、野外富集和模型模拟研究3个方面对微塑料作用下HOCs的生物富集规律进行了综述,总结了微塑料作用下的生物富集机制。最后,针对微塑料对HOCs生物富集作用的研究方向提出了几点建议。

Recently, microplastic pollution in marine and freshwater environments is of global concern. Microplastics could cause physical damage to the organisms, adsorb hydrophobic organic pollutants from the environment, as well as release the hydrophobic organic chemicals(as additives) to the surface/environment, resulting in the combined pollution which might thus be transferred into the organisms. So far, however, the role and mechanism of microplastics on the bioaccumulation of pollutants are still unclear. In this paper, the effects of microplastics are reviewed on the adsorption and bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic pollutants in terms of laboratory exposure,field observations and model simulation. Finally, the current research challenges on this aspect are highlighted and some suggestions for the future research are provided.