冬季颗粒物暴露对体育教师自觉症状及肺功能健康影响的研究

Effects of Winter Particle Exposure on Physical Education Instructors’ Conscious Symptoms and Pulmonary Function Health

拟通过对比冬季雾霾天气颗粒物对户外体育教师和室内教师的自觉症状及肺功能的影响,为高污染天气下室外体育教师的个人防护提供理论参考,为完善颗粒物的人体健康暴露风险评估提供方法支持和理论依据。通过问卷调查和个体颗粒物暴露的研究方法,对80名室外体育教师和80名室内教师的个体呼吸机能状况、自觉症状评价、用力呼气肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容量(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC、峰流速值(PEF)、肺活量(VC)和每分钟最大通气量(MVV)进行调查和测定,比较户外教师和室内教师、不同教龄和日工作时长以及吸烟史对颗粒物暴露的易感性及在呼吸系统症状、肺通气功能上的差异。研究结果表明,同样的工作时间内,室内和室外教师在个人的颗粒物暴露浓度和剂量上呈现出差异显著性;教龄、日工作时间和吸烟史与个人的自觉症状评价和肺功能指标之间存在着显著的相关关系,具有显著性差异(P <0.05或P <0.01)。以上研究表明,冬季雾霾天气下教师的健康状况受到一定的负面影响,户外体育教师肺功能和自我症状评价状况劣于室内教师;雾霾天气下教龄和日工作时长、肺功能和吸烟史与自我症状评价状况呈负相关。

Exploring the effect of winter particle exposure on health condition of will provide identification support for physical education instructors’ self-protection in outdoor activity. Moreover, it also contributes to the risk assessment of human health after exposure to particulate matters. The Self-Reporting Inventory(SRI)was applied in this study to measure the index of physical education instructors ’conscious symptoms and pulmonary function. 80 outdoor activity and 80 indoor activity physical education instructors conducted the questionnaire. Their respiratory function status, symptom self-rating scale, forced expiratory vital capacity(FVC), first second forced expiratory volume( FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak flow rate( PEF) and vital capacity(VC) were measured. The susceptibility of indoor and outdoor physical education instructors’ years of teaching experience, daily working hours and smoking history to particulate exposure, their respiratory symptoms and pulmonary ventilation function were analyzed. It was concluded that there was significant difference between indoor and outdoor physical education instructors’ particulate exposure concentrations and doses with same working hours. In addition, there was statistically significant correlation between years of teaching experience, daily working hours, and smoking history with their self-reported conscious symptoms and pulmonary function index. Outdoor activity physical education instructors ’pulmonary function index and self-reported conscious symptoms scores were lower than indoors. Years of teaching experience, daily working hours, pulmonary function and smoking history had negative correlation with self-reported conscious symptoms as exposed in smog weather. This study revealed that winter smog weather had negative impacts on outdoor physical education instructors’ health condition.