重楼属9种植物根茎中甾体皂苷有效成分的差异

Differences in Active Ingredients of Steroid Saponins in Rhizomes of 9 Kinds of Paris

目的:探讨重楼属9种植物根茎中甾体皂苷有效成分和主成分的差异及相关性。方法:采用液质联用(LCMS)技术定性分析重楼属9种植物根茎中甾体皂苷有效成分和主成分的差异及相关性。结果:滇重楼,金线重楼,毛重楼,滇重楼(阔瓣),南重楼,五指莲,黑籽重楼,多叶重楼8种重楼属植物根茎中均能检测到2015年版《中国药典》(一部)药材质量控制指标重楼皂苷Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ,同时还检测到重楼皂苷Ⅴ;重楼皂苷H,薯蓣皂苷,纤细薯蓣皂苷3种主要甾体皂苷有效成分差异较大。根据重楼属9种根植物根茎正离子模式下液质数据的主成分分析(PCA)模型可将S1(滇重楼),S2(金线重楼),S3(毛重楼),S4[滇重楼(阔瓣)],S5(南重楼),S6(五指莲),S9(多叶重楼)7种重楼属植物聚为一类,S7(黑籽重楼),S8(长柱重楼)各自聚为一类,距离滇重楼最远。结论:滇重楼,金线重楼,毛重楼,滇重楼(阔瓣),南重楼,五指莲,多叶重楼根茎中甾体皂苷有效成分和主成分主要差异较小,但能否替代滇重楼入药还值得进一步深入研究。

Objective:To investigate the differences and correlations of active ingredients and principal ingredients of steroid saponins in rhizomes of 9 kinds of Paris.Method:The differences and correlations of active ingredients and principal ingredients of steroid saponins in rhizomes of 9 kinds of Paris.were qualitatively analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Result:PolyphyllinⅠ,polyphyllinⅡ,polyphyllinⅥ,and polyphyllinⅦ,the quality control indexes of medicinal materials in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition)were detected in rhizomes of 8 species,namely P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,P.delavayi,P.mairei,P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis(kuoban),P.veitnamensis,P.axialis,P.thibetica,and P.polyphylla var.polyphylla,polyphyllinⅤwas also detected in the study.There were significant differences in active ingredients of polyphyllinⅢ(Dioscin),polyphyllin H and gracillin.Meanwhile,P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis(S1),P.delavayi(S2),P.mairei(S3),P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis(kuoban)(S4),P.veitnamensis(S5),P.axialis(S6)and P.polyphylla var.polyphylla(S9)could be classified into one category according to the principal component analysis(PCA)model of the LC-MS data under the positive ion mode of Paris.P.thibetica(S7)and P.forrestii(S8)were clustered as two separate categories,with a longest range from P.polyphylla var.yunnanensi.Conclusion:There are little differences in active ingredients and the principal ingredients of steroid saponins in rhizome of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,P.delavayi,P.mairei,P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,P.veitnamensis,P.axialis and P.polyphylla var.polyphylla.However,further research is required to determine whether these could substitute P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis.as an alternative medicine.