4周下肢间歇负压干预对优秀赛艇运动员心率变异性和儿茶酚胺的影响

Effects of 4-week Lower Limb Intermittent Negative Pressure on Heart Rate Variability and Catecholamines of Elite Rowers

目的探讨下肢间歇负压干预对赛艇运动员心率变异性(HRV)相关指标和儿茶酚胺的影响。方法将国家赛艇队的14名运动员分为试验组和对照组,试验组运动员每周用间歇负压干预5 d,持续4周,对照组无其他干预方式。试验期间均对2组运动员进行HRV相关指标和儿茶酚胺的测试。结果试验前2组运动员各指标均无统计学差异。开始干预后2组的变化如下:①在时域指标中,试验组正常窦性R-R间期标准差(SDNN)在第3周时高于对照组(P<0.05)。②在频域指标中,试验组高频(HF)值在第2周和第3周时高于对照组(P<0.05),而其高频与低频比(LF/HF)在第1、3和4周时低于对照组(P<0.05)。③2组儿茶酚胺组内、组间比较均无统计学差异,但试验组儿茶酚胺下降程度比对照组高。结论4周的间歇负压干预对运动员自主神经系统功能的恢复有明显促进作用,对儿茶酚胺的分泌也具有抑制趋势;这有利于降低运动员心脏负荷,促进运动后的生理恢复。

Objective To observe the changes of heart rate variability and catecholamines in the process of lower limb intermittent negative pressure intervening on the elite rowers.Methods 14 national rowers were recruited to be divided into the experimental group and control group.The participants of experimental group were treated for 5 days by the Vacusport Regeneration System for 4 weeks,while the control group did not receive any intervention.Heart rate variability was tested and catecholamines of venous blood was tested before and after the 4-week intervention.Results There was no statistical difference for all indicators between the two groups before the experiment.After the intervention:①the time domain indicator SDNN of the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).②In the frequency domain indicator,the HF of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05)and the LF/HF of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).③There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the catecholamines,but the catecholamines in the experimental group decreased greatly than that in the control group.Conclusions The 4-week intermittent negative pressure intervention has a positive effect on the recovery of athletes’autonomic nervous system function,and it has a tendency to inhibit the secretion of catecholamines in the body,which may be beneficial to reducing cardiac load and promoting physiological recovery after exercise.