我国农村社区治理的发展与启示:基于乡村振兴战略的视角

Review on Dramatic Changes of Chinese Rural Community Governance from 1949 to 2019

农村社区治理是乡村治理体系中的一个组成部分,是实现乡村治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要基础,也是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要一环。农村社区治理现代化坚持农业农村优先发展,致力于满足乡村人民对美好生活的需求,夯实乡村发展的基础,为农业农村发展注入强大活力,为乡村振兴提供动力支撑。新中国成立七十多年来,农村社区治理的变迁大致可分为摸索阶段、突破阶段、深化阶段、提升阶段四个阶段;在农村社区治理进程中积累了坚持基层党组织的领导、乡镇政府职能的有效发挥、农民参与社区治理的思想觉悟、其他社会组织的协同参与农村社区治理等宝贵经验,为新时代推进农村社区治理现代化提供了健全农村基层党组织的工作机制、统筹发挥社会社区组织作用、培育农村社区治理“生力军”、以乡村振兴为抓手推进农村社区治理现代化等方面的有益启示,结合新时代我国乡村治理建设的实际,通过体制机制的建立,广大农民的积极参与,一定会取得长足的发展和显著的成效。

Rural community governance is an integral part of the rural governance system,an important foundation for modernizing the rural governance system and governance capacity,and an important part of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.The modernization of rural community governance adheres to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas,and is committed to meeting the needs of rural people for a better life,consolidating the foundation of rural development,injecting strong vitality into agricultural and rural development,and providing a driving force for rural revitalization.In the 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the changes in rural community governance can be roughly divided into four stages:exploration,breakthrough,deepening,and promotion.In the process of rural community governance,adherence to the leadership of grass-roots party organizations and the functions of township governments is always the priority.Valuable experience such as effective play,ideological awareness of farmers participating in community governance,and collaborative participation of other social organizations in rural community governance provides a sound working mechanism for rural grass-roots party organizations in the new era to promote the modernization of rural community governance,coordinate the role of social community organizations,cultivate the“new forces”of rural community governance,take rural rejuvenation as a starting point to promote the modernization of rural community governance,and other useful enlightenments.Combined with the reality of China’s rural governance construction in the new era,through the establishment of institutions and mechanisms,the active participation of farmers will surely gain great development and remarkable results.