美德日韩4国长期护理保险制度对我国的启示

Long-term care insurance in the United States,Germany,Japan and Korea and its enlightenment for China

目前我国尚未建立具体的长期护理保险制度,理论研究取得一定成果,实践上仍处在试点阶段。运用文献研究法,对比分析对法美国、德国、日本、韩国4国长期护理保险制度的建立背景、模式特点与运营机制、资金筹集方式给付方式和服务提供内容展开论述,基于国外的先行经验结合我国社会经济现状提出:实行多渠道的筹资扩大覆盖范围,设立全国统一的长期护理保险需求分级和等级评估标准,鼓励发展商业长期护理保险、补充完善长期护理保险体系等建议,以期为我国建立长期护理保险制度提供参考。

At present,China had not established specific long-term care insurance system.Some achievements had been made in theoretical research,but the practice was still in pilot stage.In this study,the method of literature research and comparative analysis were used to analyze the establishment background,mode features,operation mechanism,funds raising mode,payment method and service provision content of long-term care insurance system among America,Germany,Japan and Korea.Based on oversea advanced experience combined with social economy situation in China,it put forward that carried out multi-channel financing to enlarge coverage area,set up nationwide unitive long-term care insurance demand in classification and grade assessment standard,encouraged the development of commercial long-term care insurance,replenished and perfected long-term care insurance system,so as to provide reference for the establishment of long-term care insurance system in China.