马克思拜物教理论的哲学批判意蕴

The Connotation of the Philosophical Criticism of Marx's Fetishism Theory

商品是拜物教理论的逻辑起点,马克思从商品入手分析资本主义生产方式,揭示了资本运动的奥秘。通过对商品拜物教、货币拜物教和资本拜物教的批判,马克思建构了劳动价值理论与剩余价值理论,体现了马克思主义政治经济学批判的科学性。西方马克思主义学者提出“物化”理论与“符号拜物教”理论,其实质仍然是拜物教性质的,需要加以批判与超越。马克思的拜物教批判仍然具有鲜明的现实意义,并且具有更为广阔的理论意蕴——在实践哲学层面的“未来预见”,通过批判旧世界发现新世界,阐发关于共产主义的学说。

The commodity is the logical starting point of the fetishism theory.Marx revealed the mystery of capital movement through analyzing the capitalist mode of production from the perspective of commodity.Through criticizing commodity fetishism,money fetishism and capital fetishism,Marx constructed labor value theory and surplus value theory,which embodies the scientificity of Marxist political economy criticism.Western Marxist scholars put forward the theory of"materialization"and the theory of"Symbolic Fetishism",which is still fetishistic in nature and needs to be criticized and transcended.Marx's fetishism criticism is still of distinct practical significance,and has a broader theoretical meaning-"foreseeing the future"in the practical philosophy level,discovering the new world through criticizing the old world and expounding the theory of communism.