配电设备早期故障检测基本原理、关键技术与发展趋势

Basic Principles,Key Technologies and Development Trends of Incipient Fault Detection for Power Distribution Equipments

随着供电可靠性要求的提高,配电设备故障处理的工作方式由“事后抢修巡检”转变为“事前预警主动处理”已成为必然趋势。分析了当前配电设备故障处理存在的问题,提出了配电设备运维需重点关注间歇性、频发性、可自恢复的故障的思路。阐述了早期故障的基本概念,并分别从早期故障机理、早期故障精确定位和早期故障类型辨识3个方面论述了早期故障检测涉及的关键技术,最后针对早期故障检测的发展趋势进行了展望。期望能为配电设备故障处理工作提供一种新的手段。

As the demand for power supply reliability has increased,it has become an inevitable trend to change the working method of power distribution equipment fault handling from“post-mortem repair inspection”to“pre-warning and active processing”.The existing problems in the fault handling of power distribution equipment is analyzed,and the idea that the operation and maintenance of power distribution equipment need to focus on intermittent,frequent,and self-recoverable faultsis put forward in this paper.Firstly,the basic concepts of incipient faults are explained.The key technologies involved in incipient faults detection are discussed from three aspects:the early fault mechanism,the precise location and the type identification.Finally,the development trend of incipient fault detection is prospected,which is expected to provide a new idea for fault handling of power distribution equipment.