基于古代文献考究经典名方泻白散

Investigation of Xiebaisan Based on Ancient Literature

泻白散出自《小儿药证直诀》,临床疗效确切,是2018年国家中医药管理局公布的《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》的经典名方之一。笔者采用文献计量学方法,收集了相关古籍数据118条,涉及中医古籍75部,归纳分析发现泻白散历代主治病证有所扩展,例如其方证的适应人群从小儿扩展到了妇人、成人,病证范围也从儿科延展到了内科、妇科等,与此同时,病名、病机、证候也不断有拓展性描述;其剂量比例虽有差异,但桑白皮、地骨皮、甘草的配伍比例相对恒定,煎服法也多沿用了煮散法;同时,明清医家对其进行了大量的方义论述,但鲜有争议。

Xiebaisan,which is one of the famous classical formulas in the Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas( The First Batch) published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine( TCM) in 2018,is derived from the Xiao ’ er Yaozheng Zhijue with definite clinical effect. By means of bibliometrics,118 relevant ancient book data were collected,including 75 ancient books of TCM. It was found that the main symptoms of Xiebaisan had been expanded in the past dynasties. For example,the adaptive population of Xiebaisan had been extended from children to women and adults,and the scope of symptoms and signs had also been extended from pediatrics to internal medicine and gynecology. Meanwhile,the names,pathogenesis and syndromes of diseases are also described extensively,although the dosage ratio is different,the compatibility ratio of Mori Cortex,Lycii Cortex and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is relatively constant,and the decoction method is mostly followed by decocted power. At the same time,doctors in Ming and Qing dynasties have made a lot of general comments on explanation of this formula,but there is little controversy.