上海市社区卫生服务中心男性就诊者控烟服务需求调查

Demands of tobacco control service among male smoking patients in community health service centers in Shanghai

目的评估有戒烟意愿的现在吸烟者对控烟服务的需求情况,分析控烟服务需求的影响因素。方法采用横断面调查,通过分层整群抽样法,对2017年1月1—31日在上海市不同区8家社区卫生服务中心就诊的1458名男性就诊者进行吸烟相关知识、态度、行为的问卷调查,对有戒烟意愿的现在吸烟者进行控烟服务需求调查,采用logistic回归法分析其控烟服务需求的影响因素。结果1458名男性就诊者吸烟率为54.5%(794/1458),现在吸烟率为46.6%(679/1458)。有戒烟意愿者358人,占现在吸烟者的52.7%(358/679)。在有戒烟意愿的现在吸烟者中,需求率较高的控烟服务依次为获得烟草与健康相关的知识(58.9%,211/358)、帮助制定戒烟计划(56.4%,202/358)、获得克服戒烟障碍的方法(53.1%,190/358);接受度最低的控烟服务为使用戒烟热线(38.5%,138/358)。年龄45岁以下、离退休、合并慢性病、吸烟危害相关知识知晓率高、戒烟途径知晓度高以及被医务人员建议过戒烟的现在吸烟者,更愿意接受控烟服务(均P<0.05)。结论社区就诊的男性现在吸烟者中有戒烟意愿者所占比例较高,但控烟服务需求率较低。社区医务人员在临床诊疗工作中应询问就诊者吸烟状况,对吸烟者积极给予戒烟建议、告知吸烟危害知识及戒烟方法,控烟媒体也应加强控烟途径的宣传。

Objective To survey the demands of tobacco control service among male smoking patients in primary health care settings in Shanghai.Methods Eight community health service centers in Shanghai were selected through stratified cluster sampling method.A total of 1458 male patients,who visited their doctors in community health centers in January 2017,completed the questionnaire and were eligible for our study.The contents of questionnaire included demographic information,smoking history,knowledge of tobacco smoking,attitudes toward tobacco control;and the questions regarding smoking cessation service were only for the smokers.Results Of the 1458 male patients,there were 679 current smokers(46.6%,679/1458),among whom 358(52.7%,358/679)intended to quit.The demand rate for the knowledge regarding tobacco and health,smoking cessation plan,overcoming barriers were 58.9%(211/358),56.4%(202/358)and 53.1%(190/358),respectfully.The rate of demand for smoking cessation hotline was 38.5%(138/358).Those who were under 45 years of age,retirees,suffering from chronic disease(s),having knowledge of tobacco,having knowledge of smoking cessation pathway(s),smoking cessation recommendation from medical staff were more willing to accept tobacco control services.Conclusions The demand for tobacco control services and utilization rate are relatively low among male smoking patients in primary health care settings in Shanghai.Based on the results acquired from the survey the appropriate measures should be taken.